Sublist 3

20 words

1. 1

   alternativenoun / adjective/ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv/

   a different choice or option; (adj) serving as a substitute

   “Faced with a funding cut, the university searched for an alternative that kept the course running.”

2. 2

   consequencenoun/ˈkɒnsɪkwəns/

   a result or effect, typically one that is unwelcome or unpleasant

   “One consequence of urbanisation is the reduction of green spaces.”

3. 3

   approximateadjective / verb/əˈprɒksɪmət/

   close to the actual number or truth; (v) to estimate or come near

   “The approximate cost of the project is $5 million.”

4. 4

   challengenoun / verb/ˈtʃælɪndʒ/

   a task or situation that tests someone's abilities; (v) to question or dispute, or to try to take part in something difficult

   “One of the biggest challenges of urban planning is balancing development and sustainability.”

5. 5

   commentnoun / verb/ˈkɒment/

   a remark or observation; (v) to say something about or express an opinion

   “She made a brief comment on the author's conclusions during the discussion.”

6. 6

   componentnoun/kəmˈpəʊnənt/

   one part of a system or mixture that together with other parts makes something

   “The software has three main components: input, processing and output.”

7. 7

   assessverb/əˈses/

   judge or decide the quality, importance, amount, or value of something

   “Examiners assess students' essays according to clear criteria.”

8. 8

   sectornoun/ˈsektə/

   a distinct part of the economy or society, such as industry or public services

   “The manufacturing sector has grown faster than services this year.”

9. 9

   justifyverb/ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪ/

   show or prove that something is right, reasonable, or necessary

   “You must justify your position with evidence in Task 2.”

10. 10

    maintainverb/meɪnˈteɪn/

    to keep something in the same state, to preserve, to continue to assert something

    “The council maintains the city's parks every month.”

11. 11

    contributeverb/kənˈtrɪbjuːt/

    give something (money, effort, ideas) or help cause something to happen

    “Students are encouraged to contribute ideas during seminars.”

12. 12

    clarifyverb/ˈklærɪfaɪ/

    make something clear or easier to understand

    “Can you clarify what you mean by "sustainable" in this context?”

13. 13

    communitynoun/kəˈmjuːnəti/

    a group of people living in the same place or having a particular characteristic in common

    “The local community organised a beach clean-up last weekend.”

14. 14

    implyverb/ɪmˈplaɪ/

    suggest something without saying it directly

    “The study implies that many students prefer online resources.”

15. 15

    contextnoun/ˈkɒntɛkst/

    the circumstances or setting which help explain the meaning of something

    “The speech must be understood in its historical context.”

16. 16

    contributeverb/kənˈtrɪbjuːt/

    to give or add something (time, money, ideas) to help achieve or provide something

    “Students can contribute ideas during the seminar.”

17. 17

    interpretverb/ɪnˈtɜːprət/

    to explain the meaning of something; to decide what something means

    “How you interpret the results depends on your research method.”

18. 18

    estimateverb / noun/ˈestɪmət/

    to make an approximate calculation of a value (verb); an approximate calculation (noun)

    “They estimate the cost of the project at around $2 million.”

19. 19

    constrainverb/kənˈstreɪn/

    to limit someone's actions or restrict something; to force someone to behave in a particular way

    “Financial difficulties constrain the company's expansion plans.”

20. 20

    criterianoun (plural)/kraɪˈtɪəriə/

    standards or principles by which something is judged; plural of criterion

    “Admission criteria include academic performance and personal statements.”