grammar · neutral
having been + past participle
Perfect passive participle clause: indicates a passive action completed before the main action (e.g. Having been informed, she left).
Examples
“Having been informed of the risks, he decided not to proceed.”
“Having been promoted, she took on new responsibilities immediately.”
“Having been selected for the team, he felt proud.”
Band 8 sentence
“Having been briefed on the study's limitations, the panel raised several useful questions.”
Collocations
- Having been informed
- Having been selected
Common mistakes
Having been informed he left the office.→Having been informed, he left the office.
Having been informed, but he didn't change his mind.→Having been informed, he didn't change his mind.
Say it for a higher band
5after + being + past participle→6having + past participle (active)→7+having been + past participle
Easily confused
after + being + past participle
“After being informed, she refused to sign the document.”
Related words
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In The passive
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