Chunks
Tenses
Band 6-7The full list of 20 words in this set. Open any word for its pronunciation, collocations, a band 8 sentence and the mistakes Vietnamese learners make.
Learn this set with flashcards20 words
- 1
If + present perfect, will + base verbgrammar
Use present perfect in the if-clause to show a completed action; the main clause uses will for the future result.
“If she has submitted the report, we will schedule the meeting.”
- 2
despite + noun / despite + V-inggrammar
A preposition showing contrast; follow with a noun or -ing form (or 'the fact that' + clause).
“Despite being tired, she finished the assignment.”
- 3
make + someone + base verb (bare infinitive)grammar
Causative: to force or cause someone to do something; after 'make' use the bare infinitive (no to).
“The teacher made the students rewrite the essay.”
- 4
find it + adjective + to + Vgrammar
a dummy-it structure used to say how something feels or seems (I find it + adjective + to do something)
“I find it difficult to balance studying and part-time work.”
- 5
get + someone + to + base verbgrammar
A causative structure meaning to persuade or arrange for someone to do something.
“I got the students to volunteer for the cleanup.”
- 6
as if + past simplegrammar
Use 'as if' + past simple to describe an unreal or hypothetical situation in the present.
“He talks as if he knew everything.”
- 7
as well as + noun / V-inggrammar
adds extra information 'in addition to', but the element after it does not become part of the grammatical subject
“The manager, as well as his assistant, is expected to attend the meeting.”
- 8
must have + past participlegrammar
Used to make a strong logical deduction about a past event; expresses that something very likely happened.
“Given the empty plates, they must have finished dinner already.”
- 9
although + clause / though + clausegrammar
Introduce a contrast; means 'in spite of the fact that'.
“Although it rained, we still went for a walk.”
- 10
be allowed to + base verbgrammar
to have permission to do something; passive form used when the subject receives permission
“Students are allowed to use calculators during revision classes.”
- 11
have/has been + past participlegrammar
Passive present perfect: shows that something has been done and its result matters now.
“The new policy has been implemented across all schools.”
- 12
would be + V-ingmẫu câu (grammar)
Used for the future-in-the-past (an action that was expected to be in progress at a future time seen from a past viewpoint); also for polite or softened past predictions.
“She said she would be studying all weekend.”
- 13
would rather + have + past participlegrammar
Expresses a past preference or regret — that you wish something had happened differently.
“I would rather have taken the earlier train.”
- 14
be worth + V-inggrammar
worth doing; after 'worth' we use a gerund (V-ing) or a noun, not 'to-infinitive'
“This book is worth reading before the exam.”
- 15
It is + adjective + that + subject + base verb (subjunctive)grammar
A formal structure that emphasises necessity or recommendation; after 'that' the verb uses the base form (no -s for third person).
“It is essential that the government allocate more funds to education.”
- 16
as if + past perfectgrammar
Use 'as if' + past perfect to describe a hypothetical or unreal situation that refers to the past.
“He looked as if he had seen a ghost.”
- 17
by the time + clause, clausegrammar
Indicates that something will be completed before a particular time or event.
“By the time we arrived, the concert had already started.”
- 18
decide whether to + base verbgrammar
to make a choice between doing something or not; 'whether to' introduces the two alternatives before an infinitive
“She couldn't decide whether to accept the scholarship.”
- 19
both ... and ...grammar
Used to link two equally important elements (both A and B).
“Both young people and older citizens supported the new policy.”
- 20
in order to + base verbgrammar
Shows purpose; similar to 'to' but more formal/emphatic.
“She saved money in order to buy a new laptop.”