Tenses

20 words

1. 1

   have / has + past participlegrammar

   Present perfect: used for actions that happened at an unspecified time before now or actions that started in the past and continue to the present.

   “I have visited Tokyo twice.”

2. 2

   subject + V(s) (simple present)grammar

   Used for habits, general truths, and timetables.

   “She drinks coffee every morning.”

3. 3

   be + V-inggrammar

   Continuous/progressive: used for actions in progress at a specific time, temporary actions, or repeated irritating actions with adverbs.

   “I am studying for my exams this week.”

4. 4

   used to + base verb / be used to + V-inggrammar

   'Used to + V' describes past habits no longer true. 'Be used to + V-ing' means to be accustomed to something (familiarity).

   “I used to play football when I was a child.”

5. 5

   had + past participlegrammar

   Past perfect: used to show that one past action happened before another past action.

   “She had finished the exam before the teacher collected the papers.”

6. 6

   it took me + time + to + Vgrammar

   Used to say how much time someone needed to do something.

   “It took me two hours to finish the essay.”

7. 7

   If + present simple, will + base verbgrammar

   First conditional used for real or likely future situations: if X happens, Y will happen.

   “If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.”

8. 8

   subject + V2 (past simple)grammar

   Used for actions that happened and finished at a specific time in the past.

   “I visited my grandparents last weekend.”

9. 9

   If + past perfect, would have + past participlegrammar

   Third conditional used to talk about past hypothetical situations and their imagined results.

   “If I had known about the meeting, I would have attended.”

10. 10

    If + past simple, would + base verbgrammar

    Second conditional: used for hypothetical or unlikely present or future situations and their imagined results.

    “If I had more free time, I would travel around the country.”

11. 11

    there is/there are + noungrammar

    There is/there are: used to state the existence of something in a place or situation.

    “There are three books on the table.”

12. 12

    will + base verb (future simple)grammar

    Used for predictions, instant decisions, promises, and offers about the future.

    “I will help you with your homework.”

13. 13

    be + past participlegrammar

    Passive voice: used to focus on the action or the receiver of the action rather than the doer.

    “The report was written by the student.”

14. 14

    can + base verbgrammar

    Used for ability, informal permission, or possibility.

    “I can swim.”

15. 15

    subject + was/were + V-inggrammar

    Past continuous: an action in progress at a specific time in the past, or a background action interrupted by another event.

    “While I was studying, my sister called me.”

16. 16

    have to + base verbgrammar

    Used to express external obligation or necessity; past form is 'had to'.

    “I have to wear a uniform at work.”

17. 17

    have/has been + V-inggrammar

    Present perfect continuous: action that started in the past and continues to the present, or has recently finished with present relevance.

    “I have been studying English for three hours.”

18. 18

    should + base verbgrammar

    Used for advice, recommendation, or mild expectation.

    “You should see a doctor if it doesn't get better.”

19. 19

    be going to + base verbgrammar

    Be going to + verb: used for plans or intentions decided before speaking, and predictions based on present evidence.

    “We're going to move to Da Nang next year.”

20. 20

    could + base verbgrammar

    Could: used for past ability, polite requests, or less certain possibility.

    “When I was young, I could swim long distances.”