Sublist 10

20 words

1. 1

   citeverb/saɪt/

   to mention or refer to (a source, example, or fact) as evidence or proof

   “In your essay, cite at least two studies that support your argument.”

2. 2

   empiricaladjective/ɛmˈpɪrɪkəl/

   based on, concerned with, or verifiable by observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic

   “The paper provides empirical evidence supporting the new theory.”

3. 3

   constrainverb/kənˈstreɪn/

   to limit or restrict someone or something, or to force someone to behave in a particular way

   “Budget limits constrain the government's ability to invest in infrastructure.”

4. 4

   adaptationnoun/ˌædæpˈteɪʃən/

   the process of changing to suit different conditions or uses

   “Many species rely on adaptation to survive in changing climates.”

5. 5

   deviateverb/ˈdiːvieɪt/

   to do something that is different from what is expected or agreed, or to move away from a standard or norm

   “Researchers must explain why their findings deviate from previous studies.”

6. 6

   transmissionnoun/trænzˈmɪʃən/

   the act or process of sending something from one person, place, or thing to another

   “The transmission of data over the network must be secure.”

7. 7

   commoditynoun/kəˈmɒdəti/

   a raw material or primary agricultural product that can be bought and sold, or a basic good used in commerce

   “Water is becoming an increasingly valuable commodity in many regions.”

8. 8

   sufficientadjective/səˈfɪʃənt/

   enough for a particular purpose or need

   “For Task 1, you need sufficient data to describe trends clearly.”

9. 9

   constrainverb/kənˈstreɪn/

   to limit or restrict someone or something; to force someone to behave in a particular way

   “Limited funding can constrain a researcher's ability to collect data.”

10. 10

    intricateadjective/ˈɪntrɪkət/

    very complicated or detailed; having many small parts arranged in a complex way

    “The diagram in Task 1 was intricate and required careful description.”

11. 11

    qualitativeadjective/ˈkwɒləteɪtɪv/

    relating to the qualities or characteristics of something rather than its quantity; often used for non-numerical research

    “Qualitative data from interviews gave deeper insight into students' attitudes.”

12. 12

    mediateverb/ˈmiːdɪeɪt/

    to act between parties in order to bring about an agreement or reconciliation

    “In the discussion, the teacher mediated between two students with different opinions.”

13. 13

    arbitraryadjective/ˈɑː.bɪ.trər.i/

    chosen or done without a clear reason or system

    “The sampling date seemed arbitrary, so some students questioned the study's fairness.”

14. 14

    aggregateverb/ˈæɡ.rɪ.ɡeɪt/

    to combine several things into a single total or group

    “To analyse trends, we aggregated data from five different surveys.”

15. 15

    subsequentadjective/ˈsʌbsɪkwənt/

    coming after something in time; following

    “Subsequent studies confirmed the initial hypothesis.”

16. 16

    conciseadjective/kənˈsaɪs/

    expressing much in few words; brief and to the point

    “Be concise in your introduction—don’t add irrelevant details.”

17. 17

    complementverb/noun/ˈkɒmplɪˌment/

    (v) to add to something in a way that improves or completes it; (n) something that completes or goes well with something

    “A visual summary complements the written report.”

18. 18

    implicitadjective/ɪmˈplɪsɪt/

    suggested or understood without being directly expressed

    “There is an implicit assumption that technology will improve living standards.”

19. 19

    coherentadjective/kəʊˈhɪərənt/

    logically connected and easy to understand

    “Her argument was coherent and well-supported with evidence.”

20. 20

    aforementionedadjective/əˈfɔːˌmenʃənd/

    mentioned earlier in the same text or discussion

    “The aforementioned study provides the best evidence so far.”