linking phrase · academic
In summary
/ɪn ˈsʌməri/in·SUM·mary
Used to present the main points briefly, often in academic or formal writing.
Examples
“In summary, the experiment confirmed the hypothesis.”
“In summary, the policy produced mixed results.”
“In summary, we recommend further research.”
Band 8 sentence
“In summary, the collective data indicate a clear need for targeted interventions in the most vulnerable regions.”
Collocations
- In summary, + clause
- a brief summary
Word family
Common mistakes
Using 'In summary' interchangeably with 'As a result' when giving cause-effect→In summary
Starting a paragraph with 'In summary' and then adding many new details→In summary
Say it for a higher band
5So basically→6To sum up→7+In summary
Synonyms
In conclusion
To sum up
Easily confused
In conclusion
“In conclusion, the evidence is insufficient to support the claim.”
To sum up
“To sum up, the experiment failed to show a clear trend.”
Related words
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In Emphasis & conclusion
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