structure · academic

Having + past participle, + subject + V

Band 4-5task2speaking

A perfect participle used to show that one action was completed before another; common in formal/written English.

Examples

“Having finished the survey, the researchers analysed the responses.”

“Having completed her training, she started working full-time.”

“Having been warned about the risks, the team proceeded with caution.”

Band 8 sentence

“Having analysed the longitudinal data, the authors were able to draw more reliable conclusions about the policy's long-term effects.”

Collocations

  • Having + past participle, subject + main verb

Common mistakes

Having finished the homework, the TV was turned on.→Having finished the homework, I turned on the TV.

Having been finish the work, we celebrated.→Having finished the work, we celebrated.

Having finished my homework but I went out.→Having finished my homework, I went out.

Say it for a higher band

5After + V-ing→6After + subject + past simple→7+Having + past participle, subject + V

Synonyms

After + subject + past simple

After + V-ing, clause

Easily confused

After + V-ing

“After finishing the experiment, the scientists wrote their report.”

Related words

By the time + clause, clauseWhether + clause (or not)So + adjective + that + clauseEven if + clause, clauseSuch + (a/an) + noun + that + clauseIf + past perfect, would have + past participleOn the one hand + clause; on the other hand + clauseGiven that + clause, + clause

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In Complex sentences

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