verb · neutral

fluctuate

/ˈflʌktʃueɪt/FLUC·tu·ate

Band 6-7task1task2

to change or vary irregularly, especially up and down

Examples

Prices fluctuate depending on supply and demand.

Temperatures can fluctuate wildly in spring.

Student numbers fluctuated over the decade, peaking in 2012.

Band 8 sentence

Over the past year, the exchange rate has fluctuated in response to political uncertainty and policy shifts.

Collocations

  • fluctuate between
  • prices fluctuate
  • fluctuate widely

Word family

fluctuation nounfluctuating adj

Common mistakes

use 'vary' when meaning irregular up-down changesuse 'fluctuate'

Say it for a higher band

5change6vary7+fluctuate

Synonyms

vary

Easily confused

fluctuate vs. vary

Oil prices often fluctuate due to geopolitical events.

Related words

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In Sublist 8

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