grammar · academic

To sum up, + clause

Band 4-5task2speaking

A closing phrase to summarise main points before finishing.

Examples

“To sum up, stricter regulations would improve public safety.”

“To sum up, there are both benefits and drawbacks to the proposal.”

“To sum up, policymakers must balance economic growth and environmental protection.”

Band 8 sentence

“To sum up, the evidence suggests that targeted investment, rather than blanket subsidies, yields the most sustainable benefits.”

Collocations

  • To sum up, + clause
  • In summary, / To conclude,

Common mistakes

To sum up we should improve policy.→To sum up, we should improve policy.

Finally, there are many benefits.→Finally, there are many benefits.

Say it for a higher band

5Finally, + clause→6In conclusion, + clause→7+To sum up, + clause

Synonyms

In conclusion

Easily confused

In conclusion

“In conclusion, we must act now to prevent climate change.”

Related words

It is imperative that + clauseOn the other hand, + clauseIn my opinion, + clauseThere is a strong case to be made for + V-ingThese findings have important implications for + NPIt took + somebody + [time] + to + VOne advantage of + Noun/Gerund + is + ...This paper contends that + clause

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In Opening & closing ideas

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