noun · neutral

runoff

UK/ˈrʌnɒf/US/ˈrʌnɔːf/RUN·off

Band 6-7task2speakingtask1

Water (from rain or snow) that flows over land surface into rivers, lakes, or the sea, often carrying pollutants.

Examples

After heavy rain, agricultural runoff flowed into the river.

Reducing urban runoff helps lower pollution in streams.

Stormwater runoff can overwhelm drainage systems.

Band 8 sentence

Poor land management increases agricultural runoff, which in turn causes eutrophication in downstream lakes.

Collocations

  • agricultural runoff
  • stormwater runoff
  • reduce runoff

Word family

runoff nounrun off phrasal verb

Common mistakes

run offsrunoff

run off the fieldrun off from the field

Say it for a higher band

5water flow6surface water7+runoff

Synonyms

surface flow

Easily confused

overflow

The river overflowed its banks after the storm.

Related words

Learn this word with the rest of its set, and get reminded at the right time.

In Environment & Climate

Learn it with its set