grammar · academic

Notwithstanding + noun/clause

Band 7+task2speaking

A formal/conjunctive word meaning 'in spite of' or 'despite', used in academic or legal contexts.

Examples

“Notwithstanding the scientist's reservations, the proposal was approved.”

“Notwithstanding that the data were limited, the results are significant.”

“Notwithstanding the delays, the team completed the project on schedule.”

Band 8 sentence

“Notwithstanding the methodological limitations, the authors provide compelling evidence for their central claim.”

Collocations

  • Notwithstanding + noun phrase
  • Notwithstanding + that + clause

Common mistakes

Notwithstanding of the problems, the study continued.→Notwithstanding the problems, the study continued.

Notwithstanding that there is lack of data, we conclude.→Notwithstanding the lack of data, we conclude. / Notwithstanding that there is a lack of data, we conclude.

Say it for a higher band

5despite→6in spite of→7+notwithstanding

Synonyms

despite

Easily confused

Despite / In spite of

“Despite the evidence, the theory remains popular.”

Related words

By the time + clause, clauseWhether + clause (or not)So + adjective + that + clauseEven if + clause, clauseSuch + (a/an) + noun + that + clauseIf + past perfect, would have + past participleOn the one hand + clause; on the other hand + clauseGiven that + clause, + clause

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In Complex sentences

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