subordinating phrase · neutral

by the time

/baɪ ðə taɪm/by·the·TIME

speakingtask2

used to indicate that something has already happened when another event happens

Examples

By the time I arrived, the meeting had already started.

By the time she finished university, she had published two papers.

By the time you read this, I'll be on a plane.

Band 8 sentence

By the time policymakers recognised the long-term costs, substantial damage to the ecosystem had already occurred.

Collocations

  • by the time + past simple/past perfect
  • by the time I arrived

Word family

time nby then adv phrase

Common mistakes

By the time I arrive, the film had started.By the time I arrived, the film had started.

Say it for a higher band

5when6by then7+by the time

Synonyms

by then

when

Easily confused

by then

By then, we had already decided to move.

Related words

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