discourse marker · academic
as shown by
UK/æz ʃəʊn baɪ/US/æz ʃoʊn baɪ/as SHOWN by
used to point to specific evidence, data, or examples that support a statement
Examples
“As shown by recent studies, air pollution has a clear effect on public health.”
“As shown by the table, exports increased every year.”
“As shown by their performance, the new policies improved student outcomes.”
Band 8 sentence
“As shown by cross‑national comparisons, countries that invest in early education tend to see long‑term social benefits.”
Collocations
- as shown by the data
- as shown by recent research
Word family
Common mistakes
Many people, shown by the survey, prefer online lessons.→Many people, as shown by the survey, prefer online lessons.
The chart shows that, shown by the table, unemployment fell.→The chart shows that unemployment fell, as shown by the table.
Say it for a higher band
5this shows→6the data shows→7+as shown by
Synonyms
as evidenced by
Easily confused
as evidenced by
“As evidenced by court documents, the company was aware of the risks.”
as illustrated in
“As illustrated in Figure 2, the trend is accelerating.”
Related words
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In Examples
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