Crime & Law

20 words

1. 1

   legislationnoun/ˌlɛdʒɪsˈleɪʃ(ə)n/

   laws that have been enacted by a government or the process of making them

   “New legislation aims to curb online fraud.”

2. 2

   incarcerationnoun/ɪnˌkɑːsəˈreɪʃ(ə)n/

   the state of being put in prison as a legal punishment

   “The report links high incarceration rates to social inequality.”

3. 3

   statutenoun/ˈstætjuːt/

   a written law passed by a legislative body

   “The new statute makes employers liable for workplace harassment.”

4. 4

   penaltynoun/ˈpɛnəlti/

   a punishment or disadvantage imposed for breaking a law or rule

   “The penalty for littering in that city is a heavy fine.”

5. 5

   retributionnoun/ˌrɛtrɪˈbjuːʃ(ə)n/

   punishment inflicted as vengeance for a wrong; the idea of making offenders 'pay' for crimes

   “Some victims demand retribution rather than rehabilitation.”

6. 6

   clemencynoun/ˈklɛmənsi/

   mercy or leniency shown by a person in authority, especially reducing a criminal's punishment

   “The governor granted clemency to several non-violent offenders.”

7. 7

   tortnoun/tɔːt/

   a civil wrong (not a crime) for which the injured party may seek damages in court

   “He brought a tort claim against the manufacturer for product defects.”

8. 8

   convictionnoun/kənˈvɪkʃən/

   a formal declaration that someone is guilty of a criminal offence

   “Her conviction for fraud led to a lengthy prison sentence.”

9. 9

   warrantnoun/ˈwɒrənt/

   an official document issued by a court or judge authorizing the police to carry out a search, arrest, or other action

   “The police obtained a search warrant before entering the house.”

10. 10

    indictmentnoun/ɪnˈdaɪtmənt/

    an official charge or accusation that someone has committed a criminal offence

    “The company received an indictment for environmental violations.”

11. 11

    arraignmentnoun/əˈreɪnmənt/

    the first court appearance when charges are read and the defendant must enter a plea

    “At the arraignment the charges were formally read aloud.”

12. 12

    perpetratornoun/ˈpɜːpɪtreɪtə(r)/

    the person who carried out a criminal act

    “After the investigation, police identified the perpetrator and charged him with robbery.”

13. 13

    acquittalnoun/əˈkwɪtəl/

    a legal judgment that a person is not guilty of the crime with which they were charged

    “The jury's acquittal surprised many observers.”

14. 14

    probationnoun/prəˈbeɪʃən/

    a period of supervised release instead of, or after, imprisonment during which the offender must follow certain conditions

    “He was sentenced to two years' probation and community service.”

15. 15

    heinousadjective/ˈheɪnəs/

    extremely wicked or shocking, especially describing very serious crimes

    “The court described the murder as a heinous act and imposed the maximum penalty.”

16. 16

    subpoenanoun/səˈpiːnə/

    an official order requiring someone to attend court or produce documents

    “The witness received a subpoena to appear in court next month.”

17. 17

    restitutionnoun/ˌrɛstɪˈtjuːʃən/

    the act of making good a loss or injury, often by court-ordered payment or returning property to the victim

    “The court ordered him to pay restitution to the victims.”

18. 18

    extraditionnoun/ˌekstrəˈdɪʃən/

    the official process of sending a person accused or convicted of a crime from one country to another

    “The suspect fought extradition to the country where the crime was committed.”

19. 19

    malpracticenoun/ˌmælˈpræktɪs/

    professional negligence or misconduct by a professional that causes loss or injury to a client or patient

    “The patient sued the surgeon for malpractice.”

20. 20

    misdemeanornoun/ˌmɪsdɪˈmiːnə/

    a minor criminal offense, less serious than a felony

    “Parking violations are often treated as misdemeanors rather than felonies.”